JavaScript实现二叉树的先序、中序及后序遍历方法详解
网络 2017-10-27 1342
本文实例讲述了JavaScript实现二叉树的先序、中序及后序遍历方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
之前学数据结构的时候,学了二叉树的先序、中序、后序遍历的方法,并用C语言实现了,下文是用js实现二叉树的3种遍历,并以动画的形式展现出遍历的过程。
整个遍历过程还是采用递归的思想,原理很粗暴也很简单
先序遍历的函数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | function preOrder(node){ if(!(node==null)){ divList.push(node); preOrder(node.firstElementChild); preOrder(node.lastElementChild); } } |
中序遍历的函数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | function inOrder(node) { if (!(node == null)) { inOrder(node.firstElementChild); divList.push(node); inOrder(node.lastElementChild); } } |
后序遍历的函数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | function postOrder(node) { if (!(node == null)) { postOrder(node.firstElementChild); postOrder(node.lastElementChild); divList.push(node); } } |
颜色变化函数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | function changeColor(){ var i=0; divList[i].style.backgroundColor = 'blue'; timer=setInterval(function(argument){ i++; if(i<divList.length){ divList[i-1].style.backgroundColor="#fff"; divList[i].style.backgroundColor="blue"; } else{ divList[divList.length-1].style.backgroundColor="#fff"; } },500) } |
核心代码如上,本来想写深度优先遍历和广度优先遍历。后来发现二叉树深度优先遍历和先序遍历相同。改日总结一下树的BFS和DFS。
全部代码如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 | <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> .root{ display: flex; padding: 20px; width: 1000px; height: 300px;border: 1px solid #000000; margin: 100px auto; margin-bottom: 10px; justify-content: space-between; } .child_1{ display: flex; padding: 20px; width: 450px; height: 260px;border: 1px solid red; justify-content: space-between; } .child_2{ display: flex; padding: 20px; width: 170px; height: 220px;border: 1px solid green; justify-content: space-between; } .child_3{ display: flex; padding: 20px; width: 35px; height: 180px;border: 1px solid blue; justify-content: space-between; } input{ margin-left: 100px; width: 60px; height: 40px; font:20px italic; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="root"> <div class="child_1"> <div class="child_2"> <div class="child_3"></div> <div class="child_3"></div> </div> <div class="child_2"> <div class="child_3"></div> <div class="child_3"></div> </div> </div> <div class="child_1"> <div class="child_2"> <div class="child_3"></div> <div class="child_3"></div> </div> <div class="child_2"> <div class="child_3"></div> <div class="child_3"></div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="button" value="先序"> <input type="button" value="中序"> <input type="button" value="后序"> <script type="text/javascript" src="遍历.js"></script> </body> </html> |
js:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 | /** * Created by hp on 2016/12/22. */ var btn = document.getElementsByTagName('input'), preBtn = btn[0], inBtn = btn[1], postBtn = btn[2], treeRoot = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0], divList = [], timer = null; window.onload=function(){ preBtn.onclick = function () { reset(); preOrder(treeRoot); changeColor(); } inBtn.onclick = function () { reset(); inOrder(treeRoot); changeColor(); } postBtn.onclick = function () { reset(); postOrder(treeRoot); changeColor(); } } /*先序遍历*/ function preOrder(node){ if(!(node==null)){ divList.push(node); preOrder(node.firstElementChild); preOrder(node.lastElementChild); } } /*中序遍历*/ function inOrder(node) { if (!(node == null)) { inOrder(node.firstElementChild); divList.push(node); inOrder(node.lastElementChild); } } /*后序遍历*/ function postOrder(node) { if (!(node == null)) { postOrder(node.firstElementChild); postOrder(node.lastElementChild); divList.push(node); } } /*颜色变化函数*/ function changeColor(){ var i=0; divList[i].style.backgroundColor = 'blue'; timer=setInterval(function(argument){ i++; if(i<divList.length){ divList[i-1].style.backgroundColor="#fff"; divList[i].style.backgroundColor="blue"; } else{ divList[divList.length-1].style.backgroundColor="#fff"; } },500) } function reset(){ divList=[]; clearInterval(timer); var divs=document.getElementsByTagName("div"); for(var i=0;i<divs.length;i++){ divs[i].style.backgroundColor="#fff"; } } |
由此可见,二叉树的遍历思想是一样的。之前一直把JS看做是写各种特效的语言,现在向来是too naive了。